5^th International Conference on Medicinal Practices : Herbal, Holistic and Traditional November 26-27, 2018 Bali, Indonesia

Ayurvedic medicine is a well known medicine having historical roots in the Indian subcontinent. Various global and modern practices have been acquired from Ayurveda traditions which are a type of complementary or alternative medicine. Ayurvedic therapies and practices have been assimilated in general wellness applications as well as in some cases of medical use. Basically therapies are based on complex herbal compounds, while the treatises introduced mineral and metal substances for the better results. Ayurveda treatises also taught world about different surgical techniques, including perineal lithotomy, the suturing of wounds, and the extraction of foreign objects. Phytomedicine or herbal medicine mainly uses plants different parts for medicinal purposes like seeds, roots, barks, flowers, or leaves. Herbalism has a great tradition of using different outside conventional medicine. In recent time, it is becoming more mainstream as many improvements are going in the field of analysis and quality control, along with different advances in clinical research, which enhances the value of herbal medicine in treating and preventing disease.

 Homeopathy or homeopathic remedies is a technique or treatment which is considered to be safe, gentle, and natural system of healing that works with human body to relieve symptoms, restore itself, and improve overall health. It has been extremely safe to use, even working with very small children and pets, as there are none of the side effects of many traditional medications. Therefore, it is very affordable and  is made from natural substances and  FDA regulated.

Holistic medicine is defined as science of healing, that addresses the whole human body, mind, and spirit. The practice of this medicine has been acknowledged to treat the disease by which it enhances optimal health. In an holistic approach to medicine, there is a belief that human well-being relies not only on what is going on in the body physically in terms of illness or disease, but also on the close relation of this with our psychological, emotional, social and environmental state. These different states can be equally foremost. They should be evenly managed together so that a person is treated as a whole.

The principle of traditional Chinese medicine has always been the most important therapeutic approach in the world. It has knowledge that can impact the modern medical development. There three structure of modern medicine one which is associated with modern medicine and the other one involuntarily associated beyond modern medicine and the final one which needs to be further evaluated. The part which consistent with modern medicine includes consent on several theories and concept of traditional Chinese medicine, and usage of several treatments and prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine including commonly used Chinese herbs. The part which is involuntarily associated beyond the modern medicine includes several advanced theories and concepts of traditional Chinese medicine, relatively advanced treatments, formula and modern prescriptions, leading herbs, acupuncture treatment and acupuncture anaesthesia of traditional Chinese medicine that affect modern medicine and incorporates massage treatment that has been gradually acknowledged by modern therapy. And the final one which needs to be further evaluated includes not only the pulse diagnosis, herbs but also many other aspects of traditional medicines need to be evaluated.

Though Japan has reached highly advancement in the technology, everyday experience of Japanese are permeated with cultural tradition which give direction and meaning to their life. Derived from ancient China some 1,500 years ago, traditional Japanese medicine evolved throughout history into a uniquely distinct form. Insiders will note the uniqueness of Japanese practice lies in palpation, a touch technique essential to diagnosis and treatment. Another characteristic of Japanese acupuncture is the shallow insertion of very fine needles using a guide tube to reduce pain. Hari-kyu is as much unique as it is effective in treating a wide array of ailments. From musculoskeletal complaints  such as  lower back pain and shoulder stiffness being the most common — to headaches and fertility issues, the practice has gained a foothold in less often used areas such as sports medicine, mental health and in terminal illnesses such as cancer. The healing art of hari-kyu has worked for more than 1,500 years and continues to evolve. Understanding that the Japanese practitioners continue  to change  in medicine and social development, drawing on the value of hari-kyu in positive ways without letting go of traditional theories. The main concept of treatment remains the same only the way they follow and procedure of the treatment varies.

Korean medicine (KM) or Korean traditional medicine (KTM) experienced the harsh modernization of the 19th century, and has maintained its social status as clinical professionals and established unique educational systems based on the distinctive cultural, social, and political situations of Korea. They use various different herbal medicines in their day to day lives which keep them healthy and leading to them in the direction of the meaning of life. An example of herbal medicine is the use of medicinal mushrooms as a food and as a tea. A notable mushroom used in traditional Korean medicine is Phellinus linteus known as Song-gen. Acupuncture is the other method which Korean follows from the ancient period till date. Scientific investigation has not found any histological or physiological evidence for traditional Chinese concepts such as qi, meridians, and acupuncture points, and many modern practitioners no longer support the existence of life force energy (qi) flowing through meridians, which was a major part of early belief systems. Another traditional medicine they used to follow is moxibustion. Pressure points can be stimulated through a mixture of methods ranging from the insertion and withdrawal of very small needles to the use of heat. In the modern day practitioners used to stimulate pulses through laser, massage and other electrical means.

Unani medicine, also known as Unani tibb, is a traditional medicine known for healing and health maintenance. The origins of Unani medicine are mainly found in the doctrines of the ancient Greek physicians Hippocrates and Galen. Being a field, it was later developed and refined through systematic experiment by the Arabs who converted some traditional medicines as arab or unani medicines, most prominently by Muslim scholar-physician Avicenna either by using healing herbs or techniques. During the Caliphate, the bulk of Greek knowledge was translated into Arabic same with the idea of medicine acting as the principles of medicine. With additional contributions of medical wisdom from different or other parts of the Middle East and South Asia, Unani medicine came out to be known as Arabian, or Islamic, medicine.

Acupuncture is a famous technique involving the insertion of extremely thin or needles through skin at different strategic points on human body. Being an important component of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture has been the most commonly used method for the treatment of pain. Traditional Chinese medicine demonstrates acupuncture as a well known method for balancing the flow of energy or life force also known as qi or chi (CHEE) which is believed to flow through pathways in human body. By slotting needles into specific points along these meridians, acupuncture believes that by this  experiment energy flow will re-balance. In contrast, many of the  western practitioners see acupuncture points as places to stimulate nerves, muscles and connective tissues. Some also believe that this stimulation enhances body's natural painkillers and increases the rate of blood flow.

Osteopathy and chiropractic are the useful and known therapies for the treatment purpose of musculoskeletal system. In these  therapies practitioners mainly work with bones, muscles, and connective tissue, using their hands to diagnose and treat abnormalities of structure and function of musculoskeletal system. Chiropractors are more likely to push or work on vertebrae with their hands, whereas osteopaths tend use the limbs to make levered thrusts. Thus, the osteopathic and chiropractic techniques are converging, and so much of their therapeutic agent is shared. The most important potential and naturally occuring adverse effects of osteopathy and chiropractic are stroke and spinal cord injury after cervical manipulation. That’s why many of the Practitioners use a range of soft tissue techniques that do not involve high velocity thrusts.

Herbal cosmetics are the preparations containing phytochemical from a variety of botanical sources, which influences the functions of skin and provide nutrients necessary for the healthy skin or hair. Nutraceuticals are food or part of food that provides medical or health benefits including the prevention and/or treatment of a disease. Nutraceutical has advantage over the medicine because they avoid side effect, have naturally dietary supplement, etc. Nutraceutical; on the basis of their natural source, chemical grouping, categories into three key terms -nutrients, herbals, dietary supplements, dietary fiber, etc. FDA regulated dietary supplements as foods to ensure that they were safe. In 2006, the Indian government passed Food Safety and Standard Act to regulate the nutraceutical industry. Herbal nutraceutical is used as a powerful instrument in maintaining health and to act against nutritionally induced acute and chronic diseases, thereby promoting optimal health, longevity, and quality of life.Naturopathy or naturopathic medicine is a type of alternative medicine that employs scientific practices such as natural, non-invasive, and as enhancing self-healing. The idea and methods of naturopathy are based on folk medicine, rather than relying on evidence-based medicine. Naturopathic practitioners generally recommend against the modern medical practices and are not just limited to medical testing, drugs, vaccinations, and surgery.

Ayurveda treatment does not mean suppressing the main symptoms and creating some new ones as side effects of the main treatment. It is to remove the root cause and give permanent relief. In case of Alzheimer’s disease Ayurveda will help to prevent the further losing of memory and other symptoms. The treatment modalities include Pranayama: Breathing techniques to rejuvenate your brain cells. The main effects of Pranayama manifest in the nervous system and in the subtle psychic energy body .The breath is known as thread of life and depending on its action the entire life process is refined, balanced or else thrown out of proper order. The treatment modalities for heart disease includes combination of herbs like Arjun (terminalia arjuna), Bramhi (bacopa monnieri), Jatamansi (nordostachys jatamansi), Guduchi (tinospora cardifolia) will be useful in treating heart disease. Ayurveda in diabetes management include the herbs Jambhul (Eugenia jambolana)Powder from jamun core, Bitter Gourd/bitter melon (Momordica charantia), Bel (Aegle marmelos) will be useful herb in diabetic management. In the case of kidney disease Ayurveda treatment include Dry fruits : Pistachio, almonds and chilgoja are useful to tone up weak kidneys, Fresh fruits: Mango is beneficial to remove weakness of Kidneys. Fresh pine apple 60 g daily is useful for the cure of Kidney stone, Carrot (Daucus carota L.) fruit juice cures kidney troubles.

Herbal medicines just like all other products or medicines can also be protected from copying or being stolen by getting various forms of rights from the government. Since the different rights are granted by the state government for a property that has been invented for the betterment of human life from the use of mind or intellect, these are called as intellectual property rights. Four different types of intellectual property rights (IPRs) are possible namely patents, trademarks, designs and copy rights.

International agencies, corporations and governments are moreover investing in traditional herbal medicine clinical research. So, little literature addresses ethical challenges in this research. Concepts are applied in a comprehensive ethical framework for clinical research to international,  traditional and herbal medicine research. Significant challenges exist in determining the equally shared concepts of social value, scientific validity and favorable risk as benefit ratio across international research collaborations. Method involved like cross-training investigators, and investing in safety-monitoring infrastructure, the issues identified by this comprehensive framework can promote ethically sound international herbal medicine research that contributes to global health.

Phytotherapeutic specialists have organized arrangements comprising of complex blends of at least one plant which contains dynamic fixing plant parts or plant material in the unrefined or prepared state. A checked development in the overall phytotherapeutic advertises has happened in the most recent 15 years. For the European and USA alone, this will reach about $7 billion and $5 billion for every annum, separately, in 1999, and has developed a concern for most huge pharmaceutical organizations. Many of the times Inadequate information exists for most plants to ensure their quality, viability and wellbeing. The possibility that home grown medications are sheltered and free from symptoms is false. Plants contain many constituents & different parts and some of them are extremely harmful, for example, the most cytotoxic against tumor plant-determined medications, digitalis and the pyrrolizidine alkaloids. In any case, the unfriendly impacts of phytotherapeutic operators should be controlled by clinical researches. A few administrative models for home grown pharmaceuticals are presently accessible including physician recommended drugs, over-the-counter substances, conventional solutions and dietary supplements.So that the quality of medicine should be maintained.